Xiongdong Yu, Zhigang Yuan, Dedong Wang, Oliver Allanson, and Samuel Hunter
Phys. Rev. E 111, L033201 (2025) - Published 18 March, 2025
The dynamics of electrons in space plasmas, such as the earth’s radiation belts, are affected by the presence of wave turbulence, even when a resonance condition is not satisfied. The authors propose an expression to describe this resonance broadening effect, and find that it compares well with test particle simulation results. The study is applied to whistler-mode chorus waves in the radiation belt’s electrons, but can be easily extended to a wide range of systems.